HIV is spread through specific body fluids from an infected person:
Blood
Semen (including pre-seminal fluid)
Vaginal fluids
Rectal fluids
Breast milk (mother to child)
Main modes of transmission:
1. Unprotected sex with an infected person
2. Sharing needles or syringes
3. From mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding
4. Blood transfusion with contaminated blood (rare in countries with screening)
HIV is not spread by:
- Casual contact (hugging, kissing)
- Sharing toilets
- Sharing utensils
- Sharing food
- Mosquito bites
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